Pain Point

Nitinol, npib tsib xee-titanium alloy, feem ntau hu ua "miracle hlau" hauv kev lag luam khoom siv kho mob vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb superelastic thiab zoo li - lub cim xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov pauv ntawm "miracle" mus rau ib qho kev ntseeg siab, siab -kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tub ntxhais hlau yog fraught nrog cov teeb meem. Qhov mob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog cov khoom siv siab heev rau kev ua haujlwm. Kev txiav laser tsis raug, sib tsoo, lossis kev kho cua sov tuaj yeem hloov kho cov khoom siv theem hloov pauv kub, ua rau poob ntawm superelasticity, tsis zoo zoo rov qab, lossis txawm tias ntxov ntxov tawg. Ntau tus engineers kho Nitinol zoo li cov hlau tsis muaj steel, siv tib cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, tsuas yog pom tias cov tub ntxhais hlau ua "mushy," poob nws cov teeb, lossis tawg tom qab siv ob peb. Lwm qhov teeb meem loj yog qhov "kink-thiab-break" tshwm sim. Thaum Nitinol tuaj yeem khoov rau lub kaum ntse ntse yam tsis muaj deformation mus tas li, nws muaj lub neej qaug zog kawg. Yog hais tias cov hlau yog rov khoov duav ntawm ib lub vojvoog nruj, nws tuaj yeem raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob hauv cheeb tsam thiab tawg tawm, ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj uas tuaj yeem tawm hauv ib daim hlau hauv tus neeg mob. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntsiab lus npib tsib xee siab ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev tso tawm nickel ion thiab kev tsis haum tshuaj, yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo los yog txheej txheem txheej. Kev lag luam xav tau kev nkag siab tob txog Nitinol cov hlau metallurgy thiab cov txheej txheem tsim kev qhuab qhia kom qhib nws lub peev xwm tag nrho rau cov ntawv thov hlau.

Txoj Cai

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Nitinol core xaim yog ua raws li qhov hloov pauv tau, cov khoom muaj zog- lub xeev hloov pauv ntawm ob lub qauv siv lead ua: austenite (qhov muaj zog, siab - theem kub) thiab martensite (lub softer, low{2}}kub theem). Thaum lub cev kub (37 degree), ib qho kev ua tiav Nitinol core hlau yog nyob rau hauv nws theem austenitic. Thaum siv lub zog dabtsi yog khoov, cov khoom ntawm lub vojvoog khoov sab nraud raug kev ntxhov siab -induced martensitic transformation. Qhov kev hloov pauv no tso cai rau cov xaim khoov mus rau ib lub vojvoog me me uas tsis dhau nws qhov kev txwv elastic. Thaum lub zog raug tshem tawm, cov khoom siv rov qab mus rau austenite, thiab cov xaim rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub, ncaj duab. Qhov no yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm superelasticity. Tus yuam sij rau kev vam meej Nitinol core hlau yog tswj Austenite tag kub (Af). Rau kev siv kho mob, Af yuav tsum yog ob peb degrees hauv qab lub cev kub kom ntseeg tau tias cov hlau yog superelastic hauv vivo. Laser txiav plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm Nitinol cores. Los ntawm kev siv lub laser nrog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus 0.012 hli kerf, peb tuaj yeem tsim cov qauv ntawm Nitinol hypotube uas ua raws li kev ntxhov siab- cov txheej txheem nyem. Piv txwv li, tus qauv Radial txiav tuaj yeem tsim cov kab mob me me, cov pob qij txha sib txuas, tso cai rau cov hlau los khoov hauv ntau lub dav hlau yam tsis muaj kev ntxhov siab ntawm ib qho taw tes, yog li txuas nws lub neej qaug zog.

Kev faib khoom siv

• Superelastic Nitinol Core: Tus txheej txheem rau kev cuam tshuam neuro thiab peripheral, muab cov kink tsis kam thiab zoo li qub. Af kub yog ua tib zoo tswj rau 37℃kev ua haujlwm.
• Daim duab -Tsim Nitinol Core: Cov cores no yog cua sov-kho nyob rau hauv ib lub jig los tsim ib tug pre-txhais duab (piv txwv li, ib tug J- ntsis los yog ib tug kaum sab xis). Lawv yog siv rau kev xaiv cannulation ntawm cov hlab ntsha ceg.
• Nitinol Core nrog Stainless Backup: Ib tug hybrid tsim qhov twg Nitinol distal core muab yooj yooj yim thiab ib tug stainless hlau proximal core muab torque thiab thawb.
• Laser-Txiav Nitinol Core Ncej: Lub hypotube ua los ntawm Nitinol nrog cuam tshuam Kauv los yog Bespoke qauv, muab ib tug programmable yooj gradient rau complex anatomies.
• Platinum{0}}Iridium Tipped Nitinol Core: Nitinol core nrog radiopaque platinum- iridium tip rau kev txhim kho pom kev nyob rau hauv fluoroscopy, tseem ceeb heev rau kev taw qhia meej.

Phau Ntawv Qhia

• AB Temperature Control: Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws parameter. Qhia qhov kub ntawm Af ntawm 10-25℃kom ntseeg tau tias cov hlau yog superelastic ntawm chav tsev kub rau kev tuav thiab tag nrho superelastic ntawm lub cev kub hauv vivo.
• Tsawg-Tshav Kub Laser Ua: Thaum laser txiav Nitinol hypotubes, siv lub pulsed, qis - tshav kub laser kom txo tau lub tshav kub -Teb chaws cuam tshuam (HAZ) thiab tiv thaiv kev tsim ntawm brittle intermetallic compounds.
• Constrained Aging: Tom qab laser txiav thiab shaping, cov tub ntxhais Nitinol yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev laus los teeb tsa nws lub cim xeeb thiab txhim kho nws cov khoom siv kho tshuab.
• Kev kho saum npoo: Nitinol yog nquag rau oxide tsim. Cov txheej txheem ntau-kauj ruam tu thiab kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm cov npib tsib xee- txheej txheej nplua nuj thiab tsim cov txheej txheem titanium oxide tiv thaiv, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm nickel ion tso tawm.
• Electropolishing: Ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb kom tshem tawm cov txheej txheem rov qab los ntawm laser txiav thiab sib tsoo, thiab ua kom tiav qhov du, biocompatible nto tiav.
• Kev Ntsuas Kev Nyuaj Siab: Ua qhov kev sim ua rau qaug zog hauv qhov chaw simulated vascular, khoov cov hlau ntawm nws qhov tsawg kawg nkaus khoov vojvoog rau ntau lab lub voj voog kom siv tau nws cov kav ntev.

Tiag -Kev Paub Txog Ntiaj Teb

Ib lub tuam txhab tau tsim ib daim ntawv qhia xaim rau kev kho mob intracranial aneurysms. Tus qauv tsim pib siv cov khoom siv Nitinol core, tab sis cov neeg ua haujlwm yws tias cov hlau tsis dhau "floppy" thiab tsis muaj qhov tsim nyog thawb hla lub caj dab aneurysm. Cov engineers txiav txim siab los ua kom lub cheeb ntawm cov tub ntxhais, tab sis qhov no ua rau cov hlau nruj heev thiab nws pib kink ntawm nruj nkhaus ntawm carotid siphon. Qhov kev tawg tuaj thaum lawv hloov mus rau lub laser- txiav Nitinol hypotube tub ntxhais nrog tus qauv cuam tshuam Kauv. Cov kauv txiav tau tso cai rau ntu ntu kom hloov pauv tau zoo kawg thiab kink- tiv taus, thaum cov txuas txuas tsis tau muab txoj hauv kev txuas mus ntxiv rau kev thawb thiab lub zog. Qhov 0.012 hli kerf txiav tau meej heev uas lawv tsis cuam tshuam cov qauv kev ncaj ncees ntawm cov hlau. Hauv kev sim tshuaj, cov xaim tshiab tuaj yeem raug thawb los ntawm lub caj dab aneurysm nrog yooj yim, thiab nws cov khoom superelastic tso cai rau nws mus rau carotid siphon yam tsis muaj kinking. Lub tuam txhab tau ua tiav lub zog ntawm Nitinol los ntawm kev sib txuas nrog cov laser siab heev{10}} txiav tshuab.

Xaus

Nitinol tub ntxhais hlau yog qhov kev vam meej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv science thiab mechanical engineering. Nws tau hloov lub teb ntawm cov tshuaj interventional los ntawm kev muab cov cuab yeej uas yog ob qho tib si zoo kawg thiab hloov tau zoo heev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws txoj kev ua tiav yuav tsum muaj kev hwm sib sib zog nqus rau nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb metallurgical. Los ntawm kev nkag siab cov ntsiab lus ntawm superelasticity thiab theem kev hloov pauv, thiab los ntawm kev siv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom zoo li precision laser txiav, engineers tuaj yeem tsim Nitinol core xov hlau uas tsis yog cov khoom siv xwb, tab sis lub neej- txuag cov cuab yeej uas tuaj yeem taug kev nyuaj tshaj plaws anatomies nrog kev tshav ntuj thiab precision.

Outlook & Cov Lus Pom Zoo

Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm Nitinol core xov hlau yog nyob rau hauv "active" cov ntaub ntawv. Peb yuav pom kev txhim kho ntawm Nitinol alloys nrog qhov sib txawv Af qhov kub thiab txias, tso cai rau kev tswj nruj nruj thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm fiber ntau- optic sensors nyob rau hauv Nitinol core yuav muab tiag - lub sij hawm tawm tswv yim ntawm cov hlau cov duab thiab lub zog uas nws tab tom ntsib. Yuav kom ua tiav cov kev nce qib no, kev lag luam yuav tsum tau nqis peev hauv kev nkag siab tob txog Nitinol qhov kev qaug zog thiab kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov tshuab. Peb xav tau cov qauv FEA ntau dua uas tuaj yeem kwv yees tus cwj pwm ntawm laser - txiav Nitinol cov qauv. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ze nrog cov kws kho mob los tsim kho tshiab, lub laser tshiab- txiav cov qauv uas tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm Nitinol core xov hlau.