Lub Siab - Cua daj cua dub nyob rau hauv Medullary Cavity: Yuav Ua Li Cas IO Needles Tame Hundredfold Atmospheric Pressures?

Lub "High-Storm" nyob rau hauv Medullary Cavity: Yuav Ua Li Cas IO Needles Tame Hundredfold Atmospheric Pressures?

Taw qhia: Thaum Infusion ceev tshaj qhov txwv lub cev

Hauv kev cawm ntawm kev puas tsuaj loj heev, cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob feem ntau yuav tsum tau thawb qhov nrawm nrawm mus rau lub cev hnyav heev - siab li 1000 mL / min. Qhov no yog sib npaug rau kev tsim "siab- cua daj cua dub" nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kaw, minuscule qhov chaw ntawm cov pob txha kab noj hniav. Cov lus nug tseem ceeb hauv engineering tshwm sim: Peb yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv cov kua dej turbulence, cavitation, lossis rab koob vibration nyob rau hauv lub siab siab, yog li tiv thaiv cov pob txha mos sinusoids?

I. Keeb Kwm Keeb Kwm: Kev Cog Lus Ua Haujlwm los ntawm "Pab Pob Txha" mus rau "kua Dej"

Thaum ntxov IO koob tsim yog cov khoom siv tsis zoo, feem ntau qiv ncaj qha los ntawm kev xyaum orthopedic, tsom rau kev nkag mus rau cov pob txha nkaus xwb thaum tsis quav ntsej cov kua dej. Nws tsis yog txog thaum xyoo 1990, nrog rau kev siv cov tshuab ua kua hauv microfluidic chips, cov engineers pom tau tias IO koob tsis yog "xov" xwb tab sis "conduit." Tsim qis-tsis kam, siab- ntws lumens tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm - tiam IO koob R&D.

II. Txoj Cai Kev Ntsuas: Laminar Flow Design thiab Critical Reynolds Number (Re)

Vim li cas Manners 'IO koob txais yuav ib qho tshwj xeeb sab hauv taper tsim?

Raws li covHagen{0}}Kev sib npaug ntawm Poiseuille, flow rate yog proportional to the fourth power of the radius. Txhawm rau ua tiav ultra- siab ntws hauv ib rab koob,Laminar Flowyuav tsum tau khaws cia. Los ntawmComputational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)​​simulations, peb optimized geometry ntawm lub koob tip qhov hluav taws xob, tswj cov ntws channel'sTus lej tseem ceeb Reynoldsnyob rau theem qis heev. Qhov no tiv thaiv turbulent shear rog nyob rau hauv lub siab los ntawm kev ua rau txhua yam puas tsuaj rau hematopoietic qia hlwb.

III. Standardization: ISO 8536 thiab Flow Coefficient (Cv Tus Nqi)

Siab -siab infusion yuav tsum ua raws li cov qauv tsim.

TS EN ISO 8536-4:Thaum"Infusion khoom siv kho mob - Part 4: Infusion sets for single use, light-protected"Feem ntau yog lub hom phiaj ntawm PVC tubing, nws cov qauv ntsuas rau kev khiav smoothness yog qiv thiab siv.

Flow Coefficient (Cv Tus Nqi):Kev coj cwj pwm ua qhov kev ntsuam xyuas cov kua dej kom paub tseeb tias Cv tus nqi sib txawv ntawm txhua IO koob tseem qis dua 2% nyob rau hauv lub siab tas li (piv txwv li, 300 psi). Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias nyob rau hauv qhov xwm txheej kub ntxhov, txawm tias muaj pes tsawg koob hloov pauv, lub twj tso kua mis lub zog tawm tswv yim tseem nyob tas li, tshem tawm cov kev raug mob overpressure los ntawm kev tsis txaus siab.

IV. Daim Ntawv Thov Scenario: Loj Hemorrhage thiab Hypovolemic Shock

Combat Casualty Care:Hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua, cov tub rog feem ntau tsis muaj qhov nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab ntsib los ntshav hnyav. IO koob yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev nkag mus tsis pub dhau lub vib nas this thiab siv cov plasma hloov pauv ntawm qhov nrawm nrawm. Lub tswv yim tsim kho kom ntseeg tau tias qhov siab - nrawm nrawm tsis ua rau hemolysis (cov ntshav liab tawg) vim muaj kev kub ntxhov.

Disaster Medicine Rescue:Hauv av qeeg lossis kev sib tsoo, tsoo cov kev raug mob ua rau cov hlab ntsha tawg hauv ntau tus neeg raug tsim txom. Siab -siab, ruaj khov- ntws IO koob tsuas yog txhais tau tias ua kom cov kua dej ntxiv sai thiab tswj cov ntshav siab.

Xaus

Cov pob txha kab noj hniav tsis yog cov hlab ntsha zoo tib yam. Kev tsim cov kua dej ntawm IO koob yuav tsum tswj cov laminar maj mam ntws txawm tias nyob rau hauv lub siab siab heev - sawv cev rau qhov kawg ntawm kev kho mob ntawm Newtonian fluid mechanics.