Standardized Protocols nyob rau hauv peb qhov kev yees duab Modalities - Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub mis Biopsy koob

https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/breast-biopsy/about/pac-20384812

Lub mis biopsyyog ib qho me me invasive, precision -cov txheej txheem qhia uas tsis tuaj yeem tso siab rau qhov pom kev pom ib leeg; nws ua haujlwm tiag tiag -time imaging navigation. Clinically, muaj peb yam tseem ceeb modalities:Ultrasound-Guided, Stereotactic (Mammography-Guided), thiab MRI-Qhiabiopsy. Txhua qhov kev hloov pauv lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb hom kab mob thiab xav tau cov txuj ci tshwj xeeb tuav, txoj hauv kev ntxig, thiab cov txheej txheem txheej txheem. Standardization yog lub pob zeb tseem ceeb ntawm kev nyab xeeb thiab raug.

1. Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy (Feem ntau):

Muaj feem xyuam rau feem coob ntawm cov khoom nodules, inflammatory lesions, thiab sonographically pom masses.

Standardized Six-Txoj Cai Txheej Txheem:

• Qhov chaw:Tus neeg mob supine lossis lateral decubitus; nthuav tawm thaj chaw ua haujlwm. Use a high-frequency probe to scan the lesion, marking the optimal entry point and path to avoid superficial vessels.
• Kev npaj:Standard iodophor tshuaj tua kab mob, sterile draping, thiab hauv zos lidocaine infiltration anesthesia.
• Kev taw qhia:Ob peb lub sterile transducer mus rau lub teb; pom lub koob txoj hauv kev tiag -lub sijhawm.
• Insertion:Ua ntej cov koob tshuaj biopsy tsis tu ncua raws li txoj kev preset nyob rau hauv kev soj ntsuam tas li sonographic.
• Qauv:Thaum rab koob nce mus txog qhov lesion core, tua phom biopsy kom excise cov ntaub so ntswg core. Tau 2-3 cores raws li xav tau.
• Ua tiav:Tshem cov koob; thov tam sim ntawv ceev ceev rau ntawm qhov chaw rau 5-10 feeb tom qab los ntawm compression hnav khaub ncaws.

Yam ntxwv:Tiag - lub sijhawm pom kev pom, tsis muaj hluav taws xob ionizing, kev raug mob tsawg, tau ua hauv qhov chaw kho mob sab nraud.

2. Stereotactic-Guided Biopsy (Rau Microcalcifications):

Tshwj xeeb yog tsim los rau cov kab mob occult ntawm ultrasound, xws li microcalcifications, architectural distortion, los yog tsis yog - loj li. Nws yog ib qho qauv tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav thaum ntxov.

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ua haujlwm:

• Qhov chaw:Tus neeg mob nquag ntawm lub rooj stereotactic tshwj xeeb; lub mis nyob ntawm lub aperture.
• Calibration:​ Biplane X-ray imaging tsim ib daim ntawv qhia 3D kev sib koom tes ntawm qhov txhab, xam qhov tseeb qhov tob thiab angulation.
• Kev ua:Xauv lub coordinates; ua ntej lub koob tshuaj biopsy raws li kev xam vector los tsom rau calcifications.
• Kev sib tw:Static localization yam tsis muaj tiag- lub sijhawm pom kev pom thaum lub koob hla dhau xav tau qhov tseeb heev kom tsis txhob sib txawv. Kev raug hluav taws xob raug txo qis los ntawm lub sijhawm luv luv. Qhia rau BI-RADS 4/5 microcalcification case.

3. MRI-Guided Biopsy (High{2}}End Precision):

Tshwj xeeb rau cov kab mob occult pom tsis tau rau ob qho tib si ultrasound thiab mammography, los yog rau kev ntsuam xyuas pathology nyob ib ncig ntawm lub mis cog.

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ua haujlwm:

• Khoom siv:Yuav tsum taunon-ferromagnetic (titanium) koob tshuaj biopsytiv thaiv cov khoom qub thiab cov phom sij.
• Txheej txheem:Tsis muaj ionizing hluav taws xob. Siab - daws teeb meem MRI ib ntus nrhiav qhov txhab. Kos lub hom phiaj, nce lub koob maj mam nrog kev sib cuam tshuam scanning kom paub meej tias qhov chaw, thiab coj mus kuaj thaum lub koob nyob ib sab ntawm lub hom phiaj.

Yam ntxwv:High precision, complex workflow, ntev ntev. Feem ntau siv rau kev kuaj mob nyuaj thiab saib xyuas cov lus teb neoadjuvant.

Txhua tus qauv muaj cov cim qhia txawv. Kev kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm"Precision Matching thiab Standardized Execution,"xaiv cov kev taw qhia zoo raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov duab los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ua tau zoo thiab kev raug mob iatrogenic tsawg tsawg.