Koob qhov tob tswj thiab kev nyab xeeb tsim hauv Microneedle Devices

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microneedles

Qhov tseem ceeb technical challenge ntawmmicroneedlecov cuab yeej kho mob nyob hauv kev sib npaug nrog kev nyab xeeb. Qhov no suav nrog qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm ntau yam kev qhuab qhia, suav nrog kev tswj xyuas qhov tob, kev sib tsoo, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb.

Koob ntev yog qhov tseem ceeb parameter txiav txim siab kho cov nyhuv thiab kev nyab xeeb. Tib neeg daim tawv nqaij tuab txawv ntawm qhov chaw thiab tus kheej: tag nrho cov tuab ntawm cov epidermis thiab dermis ntawm lub ntsej muag yog li 1.5mm txog 2.0mm, thinner ntawm daim tawv muag, thiab tshaj 3mm nyob rau sab nraum qab. Yog tias muab tso rau hauv qhov ntiav heev, cov koob tsis tuaj yeem ua txhaum lub stratum corneum, txwv kev nkag mus rau cov tshuaj; Yog tias tob dhau lawm, lawv tuaj yeem tsoo cov hlab ntsha los yog cov hlab ntsha hauv papillary dermis, ua rau los ntshav thiab mob. Yog li ntawd, cov cuab yeej tshaj lij yuav tsum muaj qhov kev hloov kho qhov tob tob. High-kawg hluav taws xob cwjmem feem ntau siv stepper motors, ua tiav qhov tseeb txog li ± 0.05mm, thiab tau nruab nrog qhov ntsuas qhov tob kom tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo thaum kho.

Puncture ceev thiab zaus kuj cuam tshuam qhov kev paub. Thaum tsis tshua muaj ceev, daim tawv nqaij deforms elastically, ua rau nws nyuaj rau lub taub hau kom nkag mus thiab ua rau rub mob. Siab - nrawm nrawm nrawm ua txhaum lub stratum corneum, txo qhov mob. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau hais tias thaum puncture ceev tshaj 1 m / s, nociceptors tsis tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob hauv lub sijhawm, ua rau cov txheej txheem tsis mob. Yog li ntawd, cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no ua haujlwm ntawm kev vibration zaus ntawm 100Hz txog 200Hz, kom ntseeg tau siab - nrawm nkag thaum tsis txhob raug mob thermal.

Kev ruaj ntseg tsim manifests nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntev. Ua ntej yog kev tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob: cov koob txhaj tshuaj uas siv tau pov tseg tsis muaj menyuam tau dhau los ua tus qauv kev lag luam txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kab mob hla -. Qhov thib ob yog dhau- kev tiv thaiv siab: qee cov khoom siv tau tsim- nyob rau hauv lub siab sensors uas cia li kaw yog tias lub zog siv zog tshaj qhov pib, tiv thaiv dhau - xuas nrig ntaus vim kev ua haujlwm yuam kev. Tsis tas li ntawd, rab koob tip geometry yog optimized- cov lus qhia conical nkag tau yooj yim dua thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj tsawg dua li cov lus qhia pyramidal; cov lus qhia barbed yog tshwj tseg rau cov hom phiaj tshwj xeeb (piv txwv li, cov ntaub so ntswg sampling).

Kev xaiv cov khoom siv ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm thiab kev nyab xeeb. Kev kho mob- qib stainless hlau yog cov khoom siv ntau tshaj plaws - muaj zog, corrosion- resistant, tab sis nyuaj thiab nquag tawg yog khoov. Silicon-raws li microneedles tuaj yeem yog qhov loj- tsim los ntawm MEMS cov txheej txheem nrog qhov tseeb heev tab sis nkig. Tsis ntev los no, biodegradable polymers (xws li polylactic acid thiab hyaluronic acid) tau tshwm sim, dissolving maj mam tom qab tso yam tsis xav tau kev tshem tawm, tshem tawm tag nrho cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm khaws cov koob tawg.

Standardized xeem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ruaj ntseg zoo. Lub International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) tau tshaj tawm cov qauv kev mob siab rau cov khoom siv microneedle, suav nrog lub zog txhua yam, lub zog sib tsoo, tsis muaj menyuam, thiab biocompatibility. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum dhau ntau qhov kev lees paub- suav nrog kev simulated ntawm daim tawv nqaij puncture tests, kev sim lub neej qaug zog, thiab kev kuaj kev laus kom nrawm dua - kom tau txais kev pom zoo hauv khw.

Lub ntsiab ntawm precision yog kev hwm rau tib neeg lub cev. Cov cuab yeej microneedle zoo heev yuav tsum, raws li tus kws kho mob tswj hwm, ua kom meej thiab txhim khu kev qha zoo li Swiss saib, ua kom txhua rab koob ua tiav nws lub luag haujlwm zoo kawg nkaus.