Cancer Cells nqus cov khoom noj li cas? Yuav Ua Li Cas Ua Rau Cov Cells Li Cas?

Cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav txawv txawv ntawm cov hlwb ib txwm nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm morphology, qauv, cov yam ntxwv metabolic thiab hom kev loj hlob, uas yog raws li hauv qab no:

(1) Txawv morphology thiab qauv Raws li ib txwm muaj, qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm cov hlwb los ntawm tib cov ntaub so ntswg yog qhov zoo ib yam. Cov qog nqaij hlav cancer feem ntau loj dua li cov hlwb sib xws, thiab qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer kuj txawv ntawm ib leeg, thiab qee zaum loj "cov qog loj heev" tshwm. Txhua lub hlwb muaj cov nucleus thiab cytoplasm. Feem ntau, cov hlwb feem ntau tsuas muaj ib qho kev lag luam nuclear thiab ib qho piv txwv ntawm nuclei rau cytoplasm. Qhov loj ntawm lub cell nucleus nyob rau hauv lub mis zoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav tau nce, thiab cov duab tsis sib xws, thiab megakaryons, ob lub nuclei, ntau lub nuclei lossis cov nuclei tsis zoo tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Qhov zoo thiab qhov ntau ntawm cov cytoplasm ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer kuj txawv ntawm cov cell qub.

(2) Cell metabolism txawv. Txhua lub cell nyob yuav tsum ua cov metabolism (xws li cov metabolism ntawm cov proteins, suab thaj, enzymes thiab cov khoom siv noob caj noob ces nucleic acids) kom tswj lub neej ntawm tes. Cov qog nqaij hlav cancer kuj tseem muaj sia nyob, thiab lawv cov yam ntxwv metabolic txawv heev ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ib txwm muaj. Cov synthesis ntawm cov khoom uas tsim cov qauv ntawm cov hlwb, xws li cov proteins thiab nucleic acids, muaj zog heev. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, catabolism txo qis, yog li qhov sib npaug ntawm kev sib xyaw thiab catabolism tsis sib npaug. Kev nce metabolism ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer kuj yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj uas ua rau mob qog noj ntshav muaj teeb meem rau tib neeg lub cev. Piv txwv li, cov protein metabolism ntawm cov nqaij mos mob cancer muaj zog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov protein synthesis zoo heev, thiab txawm tias cov protein decomposition khoom ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ib txwm raug tshem tawm mus rau synthesize cov protein xav tau los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg cancer nws tus kheej. Yog li ntawd, cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav tau nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm kev noj cachexia loj heev.

Piv nrog rau cov hlwb li qub, kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer muaj ob yam ntxwv. Thawj yog qhov kev ywj pheej uas cov qog nqaij hlav cancer loj tuaj. Thaum pom cov kab mob qog noj ntshav, cov hlwb ib txwm tsis sib faib thaum lawv nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb nyob ib puag ncig thaum lub sijhawm faib thiab rov ua dua tshiab. Qhov tshwm sim no yog hu ua "kev sib cuag inhibition" ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tes, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm cov hlwb. Cov kab mob qog noj ntshav, mus rau qib sib txawv ntawm kev tswj hwm lub cev, feem ntau tshwm sim raws li kev loj hlob tsis tu ncua, kev loj hlob thiab kev sib txawv tsis zoo, uas yog hu ua "kev loj hlob ntawm tus kheej" lossis "kev loj hlob ntawm tus kheej" ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Raws li kev mob qog noj ntshav, "autonomy" ib txwm nce, thiab nws loj hlob sai, nws loj hlob sai. Qhov thib ob yam ntxwv ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer yog ntxeem tau thiab metastasis. Qhov no yog qhov txawv feature ntawm benign thiab malignant qog. Tsuas yog cov qog nqaij hlav malignant muaj ntxeem tau thiab metastasis. Vim qhov adhesion ntawm cov hlwb ib txwm muaj, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlwb mus rau thaj chaw nyob ze thiab nyob deb yog txwv. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau yam kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog noj ntshav kom txo cov adhesion ntawm cov hlwb, kom cov qog nqaij hlav cancer yooj yim poob tawm, yaj thiab ua rau cov ntaub so ntswg nyob ib puag ncig, lossis cuam tshuam cov ntshav thiab lymphatic cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab kis mus rau lwm yam. ib feem ntawm lub cev los ntawm cov ntshav thiab cov kua dej lymphatic, uas ua rau muaj kev sib kis thiab metastasis ntawm qog noj ntshav.

(4) Cov khoom qub txeeg qub teg ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm lawv txoj kev ywj pheej, ntxeem tau thiab cov kab mob metastasis rau lawv cov xeeb ceem, kom cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav tshiab tuaj yeem muaj cov yam ntxwv zoo ib yam, yog li tus mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus thiab txawm tias kis tau zoo, thiab tswj hwm. cov yam ntxwv malignant ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav cancer mus ib txhis.