Vim li cas qee cov atoms radioactive

Radioactive atoms yog qhov yooj yim rau kev sib cais, qhov tseeb yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub atom, thiab tso cov khoom nyob ib puag ncig lawv.

Nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub atom yog ib tug nucleus tsim ntawm protons thiab neutrons. Sab nraum lub nucleus yog electrons txav ib ncig ntawm lub nucleus. Protons raug them zoo, neutrons tsis raug them, yog li lub nucleus tau them zoo. Cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo, thiab qhov kev nyiam ntawm lawv thiab cov protons hauv lub nucleus ua rau lawv txav mus los ntawm lub nucleus. Txij li thaum zoo li cov nqi sib ntaus sib tua, muaj lub zog quab yuam ntawm cov protons hauv cov nucleus. Qee cov atom me me tsuas muaj ob peb protons sab hauv, thiab lub zog quab yuam tsis muaj qhov pom tseeb. Tab sis cov nuclei ntawm qee cov atoms loj tsis ruaj khov. Uranium-238, piv txwv li, muaj 92 protons nyob rau hauv nws cov nucleus, uas qee zaum ua rau lub nucleus sib cais qhib, emitting hais nyob rau hauv. Cov atoms no yog radioactive.

Ib tug xov tooj cua atom emits nws central hais nyob ib ncig ntawm nws, thiab ib tug tshiab nucleus yog tsim. Lub nucleus tsim tshiab hu ua progeny, thiab yog hais tias tus progeny tseem tsis ruaj khov vim hais tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov protons tseem siab, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv fission yuav txuas ntxiv mus txog rau thaum cov progeny ruaj khov.

Muaj peb hom hluav taws xob tseem ceeb tshaj tawm los ntawm cov hluav taws xob atoms: alpha, beta, thiab gamma rays.

Alpha rays yog tsim los ntawm alpha hais, txhua tus yog tsim los ntawm ob protons thiab ob neutrons. Piv nrog rau lwm cov kab hluav taws xob, nws loj heev kom haum rau ib daim ntawv. Tab sis tib neeg daim tawv nqaij tuaj yeem hlawv los ntawm kev raug alpha rays ntev.

Beta rays yog tsim thaum ib tug neutron nyob rau hauv ib tug atomic nucleus hloov mus rau hauv ib tug proton thiab ib tug electron. Protons nyob rau hauv lub nucleus thiab electrons raug tshem tawm ntawm lub nucleus. Beta particles, uas yog 1/7, 000 qhov loj ntawm alpha hais, muaj ntau yam kev puas tsuaj thiab tuaj yeem hla tau yooj yim los ntawm daim ntawv, tab sis tsis yog ntoo.

Cov gamma particles ntawm gamma rays yog high-zog photons, zoo ib yam li X-rays. Tsuas yog cov phab ntsa pob zeb lossis cov slabs ntawm cov hlau lead tuab txaus los tuav nws rov qab. Gamma rays tuaj yeem hla tag nrho lub cev thiab tua txhua lub xov tooj uas lawv mus ntsib.

Yog tias koj muaj lus nug, thov hu rau peb. Peb lub tuam txhab tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam koob txhaj tshuaj, koob tshuaj kho mob, koob txhaj tshuaj, koob tshuaj hypodermic, koob txhaj tshuaj, koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, koob txhaj tshuaj, koob txhaj tshuaj, koob txhaj tshuaj, koob xaum koob, koob ovum khaws koob, koob txhaj tshuaj, thiab lwm yam Yog tias koj xav tau kev kho koob cov khoom, thov hu rau peb. Peb tos ntsoov rau koj qhov kev nug! Qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tsim nyob rau hauv peb lub Hoobkas yuav txaus siab rau koj!

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